Pages from history
August
Day of the Azerbaijani alphabet and the Azerbaijani language
Language is one of the important factors characterizing the face of a nation, it is its national wealth. The elevation of the national language to the status of the state language is a historical event, a golden page in the history of national statehood. Language is one of the most powerful means of preserving, developing, and transmitting the tangible and intangible heritage of any nation. Like all other national elements of Azerbaijan - a country with a rich heritage, ancient history and culture that has made an invaluable contribution to the development of mankind, our native language is also a source of pride for our people and a sign of our spiritual existence.
Day of Azerbaijani Cinema
After two years since the first cinema show in France, August 2, 1898, Alexander Mishon, publisher and photographer, secretary of scientific-photo of Baku, who lived and worked in Baku for more than 25 years had arranged independent demonstrations of plots “The Oil Gush Fire in Bibiheybat”, , “Ceremony of send-off of His Majesty Emir of Bukhara”, “The Caucasian dance” newsreel – documentary and “You are caught” feature plots. The given plots were demonstrated at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900 and kept there. Two of them – “The Oil Gush Fire in Bibiheybat” and “The Oil Gush in Balakhany”, were returned from French film archive in 2001 to Azerbaijan.
Azerbaijan Naval Forces Day
According to the Decree signed by the national leader Heydar Aliyev in 1996, August 5 is celebrated annually as Naval Forces Day in Azerbaijan.The Navy of Azerbaijan was established during the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. Thus, after the British left Azerbaijan in August 1919, the Naval Forces of Azerbaijan started to form. Until then, British warships had taken on the task of defending the western coastline of the Caspian Sea. The ships of the Caspian Fleet were re-directed to Port-Petrovsk when Baku was liberated and returned only when the British arrived in Baku in November 1918.
International Youth Day
In 1999, in its resolution 54/120, the General Assembly endorsed the recommendation made by the World Conference of Ministers Responsible for Youth (Lisbon, 8-12 August 1998) that 12 August be declared International Youth Day. The Assembly recommended that public information activities be organized to support the Day as a way to promote better awareness of the World Programme of Action for Youth, adopted by the General Assembly in 1995 (resolution 50/81). International Youth Day is commemorated every year on 12 August.
Day of the Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is considered as the largest closed water body on the surface of the Earth. Due to its unique characteristics, the Caspian Sea is considerably fragile against climate changes in recent years. As a result, the population living along the coast of the Caspian Sea has been more exposed to the negative effects of serious climate changes, sea level fluctuations, floods and droughts. Fluctuations in the water level of the Caspian Sea, in addition to environmental challenges, narrow the balance of its transit channels and threaten the geo-economics and environmental security of the Caspian Sea.
Professional holiday of the employees of border protection agencies of the Republic of Azerbaijan
August 18 is a professional holiday for employees of the border protection agencies of the Republic of Azerbaijan. After the declaration of state independence by the National Council on May 28, 1918, one of the most important issues faced by the government of Azerbaijan, which took office in Ganja on June 17 of that year, was to take urgent measures to establish the military departments of the young republic, strengthen the state borders, and ensure the defence of the country against external and internal threats.
International Day of Azerbaijani Mugham and Silk Road countries’ Music
Music is an integral, arguably necessary, part of the human experience. Mugham is the main genre of classical folk art music of the Eastern countries, which has always attracted people’s attention. Originally, the word Mugham comes from Turkish, Persian and Arabic word Maqam, which means a curtain on stringed instruments. This name was given to each Mugham as its main note (Maya, tune) is on one degree of the instrument. Until the XIV century, it was a single musical genre of the peoples of the Middle East, but due to the socio-political changes that took place later, this single musical genre was divided in accordance with the Peoples.
Lachin City Day
Lachin district - is one of the charming corners of the Republic of Azerbaijan - is located in the south-western part of the Minor Caucasus. It neighbors with Kalbajar district in the north, Gubadli district in the south, disctricts of Khojali, Shusha and Khojavand in the east and Armenia in the west. The area of Lachin district is 1835 km2 and its envisages a city, a settlemet and 125 villages. The territory was included in the Karabakh Khanate and Zangezur district from the time of Tsarist Russia until it was organized as an independent administrative district in 1930.
International Day of the Disappeared
International Day of the Disappeared is held annually on the 30th August. On 21 December 2010, by its resolution 65/209 the UN General Assembly expressed its deep concern about the increase in enforced or involuntary disappearances in various regions of the world, including arrest, detention and abduction, when these are part of or amount to enforced disappearances, and by the growing number of reports concerning harassment, ill-treatment and intimidation of witnesses of disappearances or relatives of persons who have disappeared.
Mirza Adigozal bey Garabaghi
Mirza Adigozal bey Garabaghi, originally from the Gazakh region, was born in the city of Shusha in 1780. He received his primary education in Shusha. While studying at school in Shusha, Agha Mahammad Shah entered Karabakh with his troops and besieged the Shusha Castle. Nevertheless, he was unable to capture the city and headed for Georgia. When the troops of Agha Mahammad Shah approached, his father left Karabakh with his family and the nomads who lived in the "Twenty-four" district on the banks of the Araz river and fled to Georgia.
Establishment of the Nakhchivan Branch of ANAS
Taking into account the geopolitical situation of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, the great leader Heydar Aliyev, who always focused on the development of science, signed a historical resolution on August 7, 2002 on the establishment of the Nakhchivan Branch of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. In accordance with the above-mentioned order, 6 scientific research institutes were established in the Nakhchivan Branch of ANAS - History, Ethnography and Archaeology, Art, Language and Literature, Natural Resources, Bioresources, Batabat Astrophysics Observatory and Fund of Manuscripts.
Book Lovers Day
The book is a monumental achievement in human culture. The history of books and libraries in every nation helps to illuminate their national progress and cultural identity. Books play a crucial role in enhancing reading culture and elevating the intellectual standard of society. Many countries around the world celebrate various holidays related to books. One of these holidays is Book Lovers Day on August 9th. Originally celebrated unofficially as a national holiday in the United States, it quickly gained popularity worldwide and became an international celebration. Despite its global recognition, the origin and creator of Book Lovers Day remain unknown.
General Jamshid Nakhchivanski
Jamshid Nakhchivanski, a representative of the Kengerli dynasty, was born on August 10, 1895 in the city of Nakhichevan in the family of retired Russian Imperial Rittmeister Jafargulu Khan Kengerli-Nakhchivanski. Jamshid had a sister named Nazlybeim and four brothers named Kelbali, Teymur, Ehsan and Davud. Jamshid Nakhchivanski, who lived a rich and interesting life, received his first education at home from special teachers; by the age of 7 he could read and write in Azerbaijani, speak Russian and French. Later he studied at a boarding school in Irevan, and in 1907 he entered the Tiflis Cadet Corps.
Outstanding Azerbaijani poet-satirist Gasym-bey Zakir
The lyrical poet and satirist Gasym bey Ali bey ogly Javanshir, who is known under the pseudonym “Zakir” (“praising God”) was born in 1784 (1789) in the city of Shusha into a noble family. He came from a famous family of Javanshirs, his great-grandfather Kazym-aga was the brother of the founder of the Karabakh Khanate - Panah Ali Khan. Gasym bey Zakir received his first education at the Mollahana in Shusha, where he studied Arabic and Persian. Knowledge of these languages gave him the opportunity to become acquainted with the works of famous masters of the Middle East, such as Ferdowsi, Nizami, Sadi, Hafez.
Outstanding poetess of Azerbaijan Khurshidbanu Natavan
The poetess Khurshidbanu Mehdigulu gizi, the granddaughter of Khan of Karabakh Ibrahimkhalil Khan, born on August 15, 1832 in Shusha. Khurshidbanu was educated at home. Her aunt Govhar Agha was an educated woman of her time, she taught Khurshidbanu to write, read, draw and play musical instruments. Natavan knew Arabic, Persian and Turkish. Being the only child in the family and the last heiress of the khans of Karabakh, in the palace she was called “Dürrü yekta” (“The Only Pearl”). She was popularly known as the Khan's daughter. After the death of Mehdigulu Khan in 1845, all his rights passed to his daughter Khurshidbanu. In 1850, the poetess married General Khasai-Khan Utsmiev.
Introduction of the National Currency - Manat
Azerbaijan's declaration of independence in the late 20th century led to the introduction of the national currency, symbolizing a key aspect of a sovereign state. Azerbaijan entered the era of modern central banking in 1991. Article 14 titled “The Banking System and Money Circulation” of the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated 25 May 1991 stipulated the legal basis for the independent banking system and circulation of the national currency in Azerbaijan, determined the status and authorities of the National Bank.
Foundation of the German colony in Helenendorf (Goygol)
Beginning in the late 18th century, the Caucasus region became a focal point of tsarist settlement policy aimed at suppressing Turkic and other Muslim populations, promoting Christianization, and resettling the area with individuals of European Christian heritage. In the 1770s and 1780s, tsarist Russia occupied much of the North Caucasus, initiating the settlement of German colonists in the region. Germans settled predominantly in the Don military district, Kuban, North Dagestan, Chechnya, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Germans were displaced from their homeland due to the Napoleonic Wars in the early 19th century and rising taxes, particularly affecting the southern region of Württemberg.